Decoder. plain-English AI glossary

Domain Adaptation

● Core

Taking a model trained on one kind of data and adjusting it to work well on a different kind.

Think of it like

A driver who knows city streets taking a short course before driving a truck on mountain roads.

Example

A general chat model is adapted on medical notes so it handles clinical shorthand instead of stumbling on it.

How it actually works

A model performs best on data resembling what it trained on; move it to a new domain — legal, medical, a new language style — and accuracy drops. Domain adaptation closes that gap with additional training on target-domain data, sometimes without labels. The subtlety is doing it without erasing the general capabilities that made the base model useful.

For product teams

How you turn a general model into a specialist for your industry’s vocabulary and quirks.

For engineers

Adjusting a model to a target data distribution that differs from its source training distribution.

Related

Read anything AI without the jargon

Look up any term in plain English, or save terms as you read with the free Chrome extension.

Open DecoderAdd to Chrome