PyTorch
Facebook's deep learning framework; dominant choice for LLM research and development.
Think of it like
The researcher's choice; flexible, debuggable, dominates academia.
Example
Write a custom training loop in PyTorch; adjust backprop or loss dynamically.
How it actually works
PyTorch uses dynamic computation graphs; more flexible than static graphs (TensorFlow). Strong ecosystem: Hugging Face, PyTorch Lightning, DeepSpeed all built on PyTorch.
For product teams
Market leader in research; drives recruitment and technical culture at AI labs.
For engineers
PyTorch is the default for LLM training and fine-tuning; ecosystem is mature.
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